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Never Broke Again Is What Gang Subset

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Hispanic and Latino street gang based in Chicago, Illinois, United states

Latin Kings
Flag of Latin Kings.svg

Latin Kings flag
Founded 1954; 68 years ago  (1954) [one]
Founder Ramon Santos[1]
Founding location Humboldt Park, Chicago, Illinois, United states[2]
Years agile 1954–present
Territory The KMC faction is active in 41 U.S. states, and the Bloodline faction is agile in 5 U.S. states.[3] Presence also in Canada,[4] Republic of ecuador,[5] Italia[6] and Spain.[7]
Ethnicity Hispanic and Latino[3]
Membership
  • 20,000–35,000 (KMC)[3]
  • 2,000–vii,500 (Bloodline)[iii]
Activities Drug trafficking, assault, burglary, homicide, identity theft and money laundering[3]
Allies
  • Black P. Stones[8]
  • Bloods[nine]
  • 4 Corner Hustlers[eight]
  • Pagans MC[10]
  • People Nation[xi]
  • Sinaloa Cartel[12]
  • Vice Lords[13]
Rivals
  • Crips[fourteen]
  • Dominicans Don't Play[14]
  • Folk Nation[xi]
  • Gangster Disciples[15]
  • Latin Eagles[8]
  • Maniac Latin Disciples[sixteen]
  • MS-13[14]
  • Ñetas[17]
  • La Raza Nation[18]
  • Simon City Royals[viii]
  • Los Solidos[19]
  • Castilian Cobras[8]
  • Tiny Rascal Gang[20] [15]
  • United Claret Nation[21]
Notable members
  • Luis Felipe
  • Antonio Fernandez

The Omnipotent Latin King and Queen Nation (ALKQN, ALKN, or LKN) is one of the largest Hispanic and Latino street and prison gangs worldwide.[22] [23] [24] The gang was founded past Puerto Ricans in Chicago, Illinois in 1954.[25] [26]

History

Latin Kings sweater patch

King Motherland Chicago faction

The Latin Kings were founded in the Humboldt Park area of Chicago in 1954 by Ramon Santos equally the Imperials, a Puerto Rican progress movement with the goal of overcoming racial bigotry.[two] With the Latino community facing constant violence from Greek and Italian greaser gangs, the Imperials merged with various other Puerto Rican and Mexican street gangs to class the Latin Kings.[i] The Latin Kings would afterwards devolve into a criminal enterprise operating throughout the United States. At that place are two umbrella factions: the King Motherland Chicago (KMC) – also known equally King Manifesto and Constitution – and Bloodline, formed in New York City in 1986. All members of the gang identify themselves as Latin Kings.[iii]

Latin Kings associating with the Motherland faction also identify themselves as "Almighty Latin King Nation" (ALKN); they make up more than 160 structured capacity operating in 158 cities in 31 states. The membership in Chicago is estimated to exist 20,000 to 35,000.[27]

The Chicago faction of the Latin Kings is recognized equally one of the largest Hispanic street gang in the United States after the Surenos and Nortenos as well as MS-13 and 18th Street gang and one of the largest Chicago-based street gangs.[28] Their greatest membership is inside the United states of america and the gang has more than 25,000[29] members in the city of Chicago solitary and has organized chapters in numerous states and several Latin American and European countries.[30]

Bloodline faction

The Bloodline Manifesto was founded past Luis "King Blood" Felipe in 1986 in the New York Country Collins Correctional Facility. Latin Kings associating with New York State Bloodline chapter also place themselves as the "Omnipotent Latin King and Queen Nation" (ALKQN). Membership is estimated to be as many as 7,500, divided among several dozen tribes operating in xv cities in v states.[3] New York State Bloodline Latin Kings share a common culture and structure with KMC and respect them as the Motherland, but not all chapters report to the Chicago leadership hierarchy.[ citation needed ]

In the early 1980s, to avoid imprisonment for his criminal activities in Chicago, Luis Felipe (a.k.a. King Blood) fled to New York. Before long later on arriving in New York Felipe was arrested and bedevilled of murdering his girlfriend. In 1986, while in prison, Felipe started his own chapter of the Latin Kings known equally the Bloodline. He designated himself as Inca and Supreme Crown of the state of New York. In 1995 Antonio Fernandez (a.k.a. Rex Tone) was designated Inca and Supreme Crown of New York Country and New Jersey, and the ALKQN one time over again began a transformation.[31] From 1986 to the internal ability struggle that erupted in 1994, the ALKQN solidified its role as a gang through crimes such as murder, racketeering, and RICO Act charges.[31] In 1991, Felipe was returned to prison afterwards a brusk release for parole violations stemming from the receipt of stolen goods. Nevertheless, Felipe connected to guide the ALKQN members, who now numbered near 2,000, both incarcerated and free. In 1994, with the rapid growth of the Latin Kings, an internal power struggle erupted and violence within the Kings ensued. Betwixt June 1993 and February 1994, seven Latin Kings were murdered. Post-obit the outbreaks of internal gang violence, Luis Felipe and 19 others were charged with murder and racketeering; the indictments ended in 1995 with 39 Latin Kings and 1 Latin Queen indicted under the RICO Human action.[31] [32] The details of the charges against Felipe were later revealed: Felipe was charged with ordering the killing of William (Lil Man) Cartagena. Cartegena was taken to an abandoned Bronx apartment where he was strangled, decapitated, mutilated and his corpse fix on fire. Although Felipe was in prison house, the regime later alleged he had ordered a TOS ("Terminate On Sight") to all Latin Kings for the murder of Cartagena. This letter and many others were how Felipe was initially linked to three murders on the streets of New York; testimony from onetime Kings was used as further evidence of the orders. The letters had been copied and stored by the NY Department of Corrections, who were not aware of the significance of the letters until a federal task force was formed that included NYPD homicide investigators, FBI agents, and Doc investigators.[33] In 1996, following the trial of Luis Felipe,[34] Antonio Fernandez, who was recently blest every bit the Inca and Supreme Crown of New York State[35] kneeled with other Latin Kings in forepart of the Federal Commune Court in Manhattan and is quoted as stating, "It'southward time for a fresh outset ... At present they can't agree our past against us." 1996 is believed to be the offset of the ALKQN's transformation from a street gang to a "street organization."[36]

Latin Kings and Queens began appearing en masse at political demonstrations in support of the Latino customs. To farther its transformation and efforts to legitimize, the organisation began to hold its monthly meetings (universals) at St. Mary's Episcopal Church in West Harlem. At this time, the membership of the Latin Kings is believed to have swelled to 3,000 incarcerated and 4,000 free. The monthly universals drew omnipresence of 500–600 regularly. Internal changes to the organization began to take identify as Fernandez amended the ALKQN manifesto to include parliamentary elections and new procedures for treatment inter-organizational grievances and removing death as a possible penalisation, replacing information technology with "vanishing", the act of being banished from the movement.[31] For the ALKQN, 1997 began with Felipe being sentenced to the harshest penalty passed down since Globe War Two. Felipe was sentenced to 250 years in prison house, the offset 45 to be spent in solitary confinement. He was a close friend of criminal (YACS) member Pavle Stanimirovic writes virtually it as he witnessed this brutality in Solitary confinement. The other 39 members were sentenced to an average of 20 years in prison for their roles in the crimes. The twelvemonth would bring further legal troubles as Fernandez and 31 others are arrested in a raid in the Lower E Side and charged with disorderly conduct. The Special Commissioner of Investigation for Schools shortly afterward charges the ALKQN with infiltrating the school organisation; a schoolhouse security guard with 5 years of service was dismissed on charges of unprofessional conduct for his association with the Latin Kings. The yr came to a shut with Fernandez existence arrested in December by the FBI for domestic abuse.[31] The pending charges against Fernandez were dropped in early 1998. Following the release of Fernandez, a articulation operation of the FBI, New York Metropolis Police Section (NYPD), Clearing and Naturalization Service (INS), New York State Police and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) comes to a close with the arrests of 92 suspected ALKQN members. The Latin King leadership insists over half of those arrested are not members. The operation, dubbed Operation Crown, cost the city over one million dollars and took nineteen months to complete. Fernandez was released afterward four days on $350,000 bond, which was paid for past contributions from community members must mandatory pay their dues nerveless every week that goes into the "Caja" Box that the treasurer would be in charge of collecting. Over half of the arrested were charged with misdemeanors, other were charged with weapons possession and drug trafficking. Fernandez was somewhen permitted, though on house arrest, to attend monthly universal meetings. It was during his time on house arrest that the Latin Queens underwent a shake up in leadership, dismissing many of the leaders in order to bring in more than politically focused members.[31]

The Latin Kings during this menstruation brainstorm to gain legitimacy. Beginning, Lolita Lebrón, who was a member of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, appointed the New York Country ALKQN to protect her during a sit-in in front end of the United nations. Post-obit the U.N. demonstration, Rafael Cancel-Miranda, a Puerto Rican nacionalista who spent 25 years in federal prison, attended a monthly universal. Earlier years' end, Adelfa Vera, Puerto Rican activist, attended a monthly universal and was given sacred ALKQN beads by the present leadership. Adelfa was praised during the meeting and stated "These kids are hope for our liberation struggle. I can dice in peace, because nosotros found the continuation."[31] In 1998, Fernandez[34] pleaded guilty to conspiracy to sell and distribute heroin. In 1999, he was sentenced to 13 years in prison house, which he began serving at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Kansas and was placed in lonely confinement. He was eventually transferred again and placed in general population. He has since been released.[ citation needed ]

Organizational structure

The Latin Kings have a hierarchical organizational structure. They take numerous "chapters" or "tribes" around the country[37] which adhere to a regional, state, and national system. Officers are supported by a "Crown Quango" of the 5 Crowns Council members. The Council sets rules and regulations and holds disciplinary hearings.[22]

The bureaucracy rises to regional officers and ultimately to ii supreme regional "Incas" based in Chicago. The heads of the unabridged criminal organisation are known every bit "coronas". One retired detective said in 2004: "When you compare them to other street gangs like the Bloods and the Crips, none compare to the organization of the Latin Kings."[22]

Markings

The Latin King colors are black and gold. Gang markings consist of a five- or three-point "sacred crown", writings of LK, ALK, ALKN, ALKQN abbreviations (or the whole words), and drawings of the Lion or the Rex Primary.[38] Latin King symbolism is usually accompanied with the name and number of the Tribe, region, or metropolis of the gang. The Latin Kings are members of the People Nation alliance of gangs, and are therefore opposed to the rival Folk Nation gang brotherhood.[11]

Bailiwick

When whatsoever member believes that another member has violated a regulation, they begin the disciplinary process by submitting a Procedures for Violation Form.[39] This form includes a variety of data well-nigh the allegation, including the violation, the argument of the accused, and members nowadays or other witnesses. If the member is constitute to be guilty of the violation at their Crown hearing, they may be subject to a range of penalties depending on the severity of the offense:

Non-Corporal Punishments

  • Probation – for a menstruum ranging between two weeks and two months, can be imposed in improver to other punishments
  • Fines (Multas) – may also be used every bit a way to recoup the expense of gang property when it is destroyed or lost by a member
  • Stripping – the member is stripped of rank and titles, unlikely to ever rise to the previous rank once again
  • Pause – the member is stripped of all offices and duties, is non permitted to wear the colors, and is addressed every bit a novice
  • Community service – detail assignments made on a example-past-case footing

Corporal Punishments

  • B.O.S. (Trounce on sight) – beating of undetermined length of fourth dimension
  • Three minute concrete – three-minute chirapsia past at to the lowest degree three members
  • Five minute physical – five-infinitesimal beating by five members
  • T.O.S. (Cease on sight) – death

"Kingism" ideology

A gang fellow member showing his Latin Rex tattoo – a lion with a crown – and signifying the five signal star with his hands.

L.A. Kaufman wrote in the Feb 2015 issue of New York Magazine that the Kings had a "unique mixture of intense field of study, revolutionary politics and a homemade religion chosen 'Kingism'". He suggests that this makes "a potent mixture for troubled ghetto kids whose lives lacked structure and hope."[40] Kingism is a alloy of tribal gang rhetoric and religious mysticism. As one fellow member put it, the Manifesto is "considered our Bible", and reading information technology is to go "from the darkness to the light".[41]

The Latin Kings operate nether strict codes and guidelines that are conveyed in a lengthy constitution, and they follow the teachings of the Rex Manifesto.[42] [43] According to the Manifesto, there are three stages or cycles of Nation life that constitute Kingism:[44]

  1. The Archaic Stage: "That stage in life where the King warrior acts on impulse, executing his action without giving them the serious thought that they need. A phase of immaturity where the King warrior's time is spent gang banging, getting high, and being recognized as large and bad."
  2. The Conservative Stage: "At this level the King warrior becomes tired of the archaic phase. He no longer wishes to participate in the senseless routine of gang fighting, hanging on the corner or being recognized as big and bad. Most oftentimes at this level the Rex warrior gets married and retires. It is inappropriate to call this phase maturity stage due to the fact that the King warrior at this time does not really go mature in the sense of maturity. Instead he becomes mummified or reaches a level of accepting life every bit it has been taught to him past the existing system that exploits all people of color-dehumanizes them and maintains them nether the economic and social yoke of slavery."
  3. The New King Phase: "The stage of sensation and determination. The new King recognizes that the fourth dimension for revolution is at manus. Revolution of the heed! The revolution of knowledge! A revolution that will bring freedom to the enslaved, to all Third Earth people as we together sing and praise with joy what fourth dimension it is-it is Nation time! ... For him there are no horizons betwixt races, sexes and senseless labels. for him everything has meaning, human life is placed higher up materialistic values ... When a human being get a new King the will of the Nation becomes his will, for to be at variance with the Nation is one thing that cannot endure. The Almighty Latin Rex Nation requires wholehearted and consummate devotion."[45]

According to the Manifesto, "The New Male monarch no longer views the rival warrior as the cause of his ills; instead, he fights against the Anti-King Organization (social injustices and inequality)".[44]

Latin Queens

While originally the Latin Kings are thought to be a male person arrangement, it eventually began to absorb women and give them an equal share.[ citation needed ] The Latin Queens constituted the female Queen Anubis and Queen Maat of the ALKQN.[46]

The Latin Queen agenda is equanimous of cocky-respect, independence, family back up, ethnic identity and cocky-empowerment. Seeking such goals has attracted a wide diversity of females who had been drug addicted, victimized and/or neglected past families, spouses and partners. Sociologists studying the Latin Kings and Queens have observed the different methods in which both groups attempt to "reclaim and regulate" their environments. The Latin Queens are believed to focus more on their individual space bug such as home life and protection and nurturing of their bodies, as opposed to the Latin Kings, who are more concerned with loss of public spaces in their own communities.[46]

The evolution of the ALKQN has been viewed by outside sources equally being assisted by the addition and greater part in which Queen Loki and Queen Vailor take played, exposing the ALKQN to a greater range of cantankerous-grade supporters than would have been possible prior to their integration.[46] In countries such as Espana, Latin Queens are helping to legitimize the ALKQN through integration with government sponsored programs. In Catalonia, the 200 persons including Queen Tragedy and Rex Zeus and the balance of the Latin Kings and Queens tribe was designated as the Cultural Association of Latin Kings and Queens of Catalonia. The "cultural program" designation was bestowed through government sponsored programs to assistance gangs with integration into lodge and is led by Latin Queen Melody, Erika Jaramillo.[47]

Investigations and prosecutions

Connecticut

The Latin Kings in Connecticut started in the state's prison organisation in the late 1980s. The gang has over 2-hundred members in the state.[48]

16 Latin Kings members, included the four highest-ranking members in the state, were arrested in Bridgeport and New Haven on June xxx, 1994 and charged with conspiring to sell cocaine and heroin.[49] Nelson Luis Millet, president and highest-ranking officer in the Connecticut Latin Kings, was sentenced to life in prison in January 1996.[50]

An investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Northern Connecticut Tearing Crimes Gang Task Forcefulness and Hartford Police Department Vice and Narcotics Division into narcotics trafficking and associated violence in Hartford's South End by the Latin Kings resulted in two gang members beingness convicted for drug trafficking. Hector "Bebo" Salazar was sentenced to 5 years and nine months' imprisonment for distributing heroin, fentanyl and crack cocaine on Nov 18, 2019,[51] and Brian "Buddha" Matos was sentenced to iv years and 9 months' for trafficking cocaine and fentanyl on February v, 2020.[52]

Delaware

The Latin Kings are one of the few organized street gangs operating in the state of Delaware.[53] Latin Kings member Alejandro Rodriguez-Ortiz was charged with the July 2, 2008 murder of Affections Rivera – a boyfriend Latin King who was shot dead in Wilmington – too equally the murder of rival gang member Rodrigo Monroy, who was fatally shot on September 30, 2008.[54]

Florida

On August 20, 2006, xxx-nine leading Latin Kings members – every known leader of the gang in Florida – were arrested subsequently constabulary enforcement officers raided a loftier-level meeting at a rented club in Tampa. The raid followed a fourteen-month investigation and resulted in the gang members beingness charged with conspiracy to commit racketeering.[55]

Twenty-three Latin Kings members were indicted in south Florida in May 2015 on charges including racketeering conspiracy, drug trafficking and illegal weapons possession.[56] By Jan 2016, all twenty-iii members of the gang – which operated in Miami-Dade, Palm Beach and Broward counties – had pleaded guilty to a variety of federal charges.[57]

Illinois

On September 18, 1997, fourteen Latin Kings members and associates were charged with running a drug operation that distributed $6 million worth of crack and pulverisation cocaine, marijuana and heroin throughout Chicago.[58] Latin Kings Due north Side faction leader Gustavo "Gino" Colon was sentenced to life in prison house as a result of the case.[59]

Augustin Zambrano – a ranking "Corona" within the Latin Kings, making him the highest-ranking member outside of prison and responsible for overseeing the activities of factions of the gang – was among 18 leading Latin Kings members charged with racketeering conspiracy as part of a federal indictment against the gang's hierarchy.[60] Zambrano was convicted under the Racketeer Influenced and Decadent Organizations Act (RICO) of racketeering conspiracy and related charges involving narcotics trafficking and violence. He was sentenced to threescore years in prison on January 11, 2012.[61] The gang's second-in-control, Vicente "Disciple Killer" (DK) Garcia, was sentenced to xl years in prison on related charges on Feb 11, 2013.[62]

Thirty-four alleged Latin Kings were charged with racketeering conspiracy in Chicago on July 26, 2016. The gang's illegal activities were uncovered during a multi-year investigation conducted under the umbrella of the Organized Criminal offense Drug Enforcement Task Strength (OCDETF).[63]

Indiana

Twenty-one Latin Kings were imprisoned for up to 30 years for a racketeering conspiracy involving 2 murders; the Dec 2003 murder of Jonathan Zimmerman in Hammond and the May 2008 murder of Jose Cortez in E Chicago. The final of the gang members was sentenced on Nov 27, 2018.[64]

Latin Kings member Darrick Vallodolid was bedevilled in May 2018 of conspiracy to participate in racketeering action and conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute cocaine and marijuana. To support the conspiracy, Vallodolid murdered Victor Lusinski in Hammond on April 12, 2009. Lusinski was killed because Vallodolid idea he was a rival gang fellow member. Vallodolid was sentenced to life in prison on November 25, 2019.[65]

Maryland

The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) began investigating the Latin Kings' Maryland-based Royal Lion Tribe post-obit the firebombing of a house in Rockville on January 8, 2008. After building a RICO case against the gang, the ATF and local police arrested eighteen members during a series of coordinated raids on November xix, 2009. Ane other was apprehended a month later afterwards fleeing to New York. By March 2011, all 19 defendants had either pleaded guilty or been convicted for the roles in a racketeering conspiracy.[66]

Massachusetts

Functioning Dethrone was an investigation by the Western Massachusetts Gang Task Strength, consisting of the FBI, the Chicopee Police Department, the Hampden County Sheriff's Department, the Holyoke Police Department, the Massachusetts Land Constabulary, the Springfield Police Department, and the West Springfield Police force Department. The first phase of the investigation, went after the Lawrence chapter of the ALKQN, was converted to an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forcefulness/High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area case involving numerous federal, state, and local police enforcement agencies. Later on the pregnant disruption of the Lawrence chapter in February 2004, information provided past cooperating defendants led to the significant disruption of the Springfield affiliate in June 2005. 57 ALKQN members have been indicted.[67]

On December six, 2019 more than 45 Latin King (suspected) members, including its leader Michael Cecchetelli, were arrested by the FBI and other state and local agencies, in Massachusetts.[68] [69]

Michigan

A multi-twelvemonth joint federal and country investigation of the Holland Latin Kings (HLK) resulted in the prosecution of xxx-i of the gang'due south members. The investigation – which involved the ATF, Michigan State Constabulary (MSP) the Kingdom of the netherlands Police Department – became public on July xix, 2012, when over a hundred state and federal officers simultaneously executed search warrants at over 15 residences and a concern in Kingdom of the netherlands, which were all linked to the HLK. Of the thirty-one gang members charged, twenty-nine pleaded guilty to racketeering offenses.[70]

Minnesota

A yr-long investigation by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Saint Paul Police Department (SPPD) known as Performance Wild Kingdom culminated in the arrests of twenty-six Latin Kings members and associates on federal narcotics and firearms trafficking charges during a serial of arrests carried out across the Twin Cities surface area on March 7, 2006.[71]

New Jersey

Forty-7 Latin Kings members, including xi holding senior leadership positions, were charged between Oct 2002 and May 2003 in connection with a New Jersey State Police (NJSP) investigation dubbed Functioning Catapult. The investigation successfully tracked and documented Latin Rex activity in five counties, and resulted in charges related to the planned attempted murder of a rival gang fellow member, the sale of heroin, cleft cocaine and marijuana, the theft and resale of stolen automobiles and other stolen property, and the possession, utilize and sale of prohibited assault weapons.[72]

Four leaders of the Latin Kings in Newark were amidst fifteen people indicted on racketeering charges on July xiii, 2017 as office of Performance Peddling Misery, an investigation by the NJSP and Sectionalization of Criminal Justice that targeted a drug distribution enterprise that was dealing large quantities of heroin and crack cocaine in the urban center.[73] Japhet "King Japhet" Lopez, Kiele "King Forty" Lopez and Carlos "King Future" Rodriguez pleaded guilty to racketeering.[74] On June 29, 2018, Japhet Lopez was sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment, Kiele Lopez was sentenced to 7 years', and Rodriguez was sentenced to 8 years'.[75]

New York

Twenty members and assembly of the Latin Kings were charged on June 21, 1994 with various crimes including the murders of at least seven of their own members. The arrests resulted from a four-month investigation by the FBI and the New York Police Department (NYPD).[76]

Carlos Gil, "Warlord" or enforcer, of a Latin Kings affiliate in Sunset Park, Brooklyn was convicted on May 11, 2007 for the murder of Jorge Rodriguez, a member of a Flatbush, Brooklyn-based Latin Kings chapter who was shot and killed on Oct fourteen, 2001 for associating with another gang in violation of the Latin Kings' rules. Gil was sentenced to life in prison.[77]

North Carolina

In Dec 2011, thirteen Latin Kings members were indicted past a federal one thousand jury in Greensboro for conspiring to participate in a racketeering enterprise.[78] Nine were convicted of various crimes under the RICO act in August 2013, including Jorge Peter "King Jay" Cornell – founder of the Latin Kings in N Carolina – who was sentenced to serve twenty-eight years in prison.[79]

Ohio

A dozen Latin Kings members were among thirty-iv people indicted on drug charges post-obit a twelvemonth-long investigation – called Functioning Imperial Flush – by the FBI, Cleveland Partitioning of Police force (CDP) and Cuyahoga County Sheriff's Office. A series of raids coinciding with the indictments led to the arrests of twenty-ix people in Cleveland on August thirteen, 2009.[80]

Pennsylvania

An xviii-calendar month investigation in York County, known as Operation Sunrise, resulted in the arrests of more than eighty people, including members of the Bloods, Crips and Latin Kings, and the seizure of heroin and cocaine with a street value of more than $300,000, 43 vehicles, 7 guns, and more $34,000 cash in February 2013. Fifteen Latin Kings leaders were imprisoned as a result.[81]

20 iii people, including three members of the Latin Kings, were indicted in March 2019 as part of an investigation into a drug band in Berks Canton. In add-on to narcotics offenses, the trio were also charged with conspiring to shoot a rival.[82]

Rhode Isle

An investigation by the FBI into gang activeness in Rhode Island found that the Providence chapter of the Latin Kings, made upwards of approximately 100 members, has been active in narcotics trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and murder since at least September 1994.[83]

Eric "King E" Thomas, leader of the Rhode Island chapter of the Latin Kings, was arrested and charged with conspiracy to distribute cocaine in Dec 2019. On August xi, 2020, Thomas pleaded guilty to the charges, admitting that in Baronial 2019, he conspired with others to purchase cocaine from members of the Latin Kings in New Bedford, Massachusetts for resale. Days later, on September 4, 2019, a co-conspirator was captured in a video recording purchasing 186 grams of cocaine from members of the New Bedford chapter in a bargain facilitated by Thomas.[84]

Vermont

In January 2016, Latin Kings member Juan "Chino" Rodriguez was sentenced to serve four-to-fifteen years in prison later on being convicted of carrying out a drive-by shooting that injured a man in St. Johnsbury on July 15, 2014.[85]

John Guerrero, a member of the Latin Kings' Boston, Massachusetts affiliate, was sentenced to 13 years' imprisonment on February 14, 2020 after pleading guilty to the distributing at least ii.8 kilograms of scissure cocaine in the Franklin County area and for trafficking at to the lowest degree thirty illegally purchased firearms from Vermont to the Boston area.[86]

Wisconsin

Thirty-three members of the Latin Kings in Milwaukee were charged in a RICO indictment on June 19, 1998.[87] According to the indictment, the gang members were responsible for nine murders, twenty-ane attempted murders, 9 robberies, 3 arsons or attempted arsons, v kidnappings and drug dealing over an eleven-year period.[88] Gang-related violence escalated on Milwaukee's South Side afterward the indictments as a perceived lack of leadership in the Latin Kings prompted rival gangs to attempt takeovers.[89]

Another police force crackdown on the Milwaukee faction resulted in forty ix Latin Kings members being indicted on October 12, 2005 on federal racketeering charges for crimes that include four murders, 38 attempted murders and widespread drug trafficking.[90]

Latin Kings fellow member Timothy Vallejo was sentenced to life in prison house on January 26, 2010 after being convicted of racketeering and the murder of Oak Creek resident Kevin Hirschfield outside a Cudahy gas station in 2003.[91]

Canada

Iv people were injured later on Latin Kings members attacked a former fellow member at a subway station in Toronto on 22 June 2007.[92] A 13-twelvemonth-onetime who was left partially paralyzed as a upshot of beingness stabbed.[93]

Nine members of the Latin Kings in Toronto were arrested in October 2009 under the Immigration Deed and Immigration and Refugee Protection Act after a two-year police sting known equally Project Royal Flush.[94] 4 Latin Kings members, including Ecuadoran denizen Flavio Mauricio Reyes-Criollo who founded the Canadian branch of the gang in 2003, were ordered deported from Canada in July 2010.[95]

Spain

The Latin Kings in Spain were founded in Madrid in Feb 2002 by Ecuadorian national Eric Javier Vara Velastegui. Branches then followed in Barcelona, Valencia and Murcia. Membership is predominantly Ecuadorian, although other Latin American and Castilian youths have also been recruited. According to a study past the Madrid government commission, there are approximately one-hundred agile members and 6-hundred associates in the city. In Spain, the Ñetas are the principal rivals of the Latin Kings.[96] Such Latin American gangs spread to Spain equally a result of mass deportations from the Usa of Latin American immigrants with criminal records.[97] The Latin Kings were registered as a cultural clan in Catalonia in September 2006.[97]

Eric Javier Vara Velastegui received a forty-yr prison sentence for rape, violent assault and kidnapping in June 2006.[98] In February 2011, Velastegui had an boosted four years added to his judgement after being convicted of directing the gang from prison house, while lieutenants Jose Fabricio Icaza and Maria Torres were sentenced to three-and-a-half years' and two years' imprisonment, respectively.[99]

The inner circle of the Latin Kings in Madrid was dismantled when fifty-iv members were arrested during a police operation carried out in February 2010. A substantial amount of documentation relating to the gang and its organization, as well equally gang paraphernalia such as necklaces to announce rank within the gang, black and gold flags, neckscarves and rings, was also confiscated.[100]

V key members were ordered deported from Madrid in February 2015.[101] [102]

Twenty-three members were arrested in the Barcelona metropolitan area by Mossos d'Esquadra on 10 June 2015, suspected of organized crime membership, drug trafficking, assault and extortion.[103]

See as well

  • Gangs in Chicago
  • Timeline of organized crime in Chicago
  • My Bloody Life

References

  1. ^ a b c Latin Kings chicagoganghistory.com
  2. ^ a b Height Latin Kings gang leader sentenced to sixty years Mary Wisniewski, Reuters (January 11, 2012)
  3. ^ a b c d e f one thousand The Latin Kings justice.gov
  4. ^ Toronto woman faces deportation for gang ties Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (July 26, 2010)
  5. ^ Republic of ecuador legalized gangs. Murder rates plummeted. Sigal Samuel, Vox (March 26, 2019)
  6. ^ Milan struggles to cope as Latin American gang violence starts afflicting general public Michael Day, The Independent (20 June 2015)
  7. ^ Row erupts in Spain over treatment of Latin Kings Giles Tremlett, The Guardian (five October 2006)
  8. ^ a b c d e NYPD Gang Manual New York City Police Department (2000)
  9. ^ "Bloods". Gangs In Maryland. University of Maryland. Archived from the original on 2008-12-06. Retrieved 2009-02-21 .
  10. ^ Alex Napoliello (May 7, 2018), "Pagans may exist planning a 'trigger-happy' expansion into North Jersey", NJ.com
  11. ^ a b c "People and Folk Nation Sets – Gang and Security Threat Group Sensation". Florida Section of Corrections. Archived from the original on 7 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-15 .
  12. ^ Jeff Coen (December 20, 2018), "Beginning he turned on 'El Chapo.' And so he secretly recorded him. Now in hiding, the Chicago twin testifies against the alleged Mexican cartel boss". Chicago Tribune
  13. ^ Cartels and Gangs in Chicago dea.gov (May 2017)
  14. ^ a b c Brad Hamilton (October 28, 2007), "Gangs of New York", New York Post
  15. ^ a b Agar, John (Feb 17, 2013), "New documents give inside await at Kingdom of the netherlands Latin Kings, drugs, violence", MLive
  16. ^ The People of the State of Illinois five. Victor Perez. Illinois Appellate Court (February 17, 2000)
  17. ^ "Prison Gangs (continued) – Gangs and Security Threat Group Sensation". Florida Department of Corrections. Archived from the original on 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2012-08-05 .
  18. ^ The People of the State of Illinois 5. Justin Rouse. Illinois Appellate Court (July sixteen, 2014)
  19. ^ Mark Pazniokas (Nov 20, 1996). "Los Solidos gang leader sentenced to 14 life terms". Hartford Courant
  20. ^ Wildfong, Curtis (February 29, 2016). "Witnesses describe scene of Feb gang-related shooting in Holland Township". Holland Lookout.
  21. ^ "United Blood Nation history, terminology, background". WSOC-Television receiver (May xviii, 2017)
  22. ^ a b c "Latin Kings Alive, Die By Rigid Organization". Chris Markuns The Eagle-Tribune, Lawrence, MA, Feb 29, 2004. Archived from the original on January 7, 2010. Retrieved Dec xx, 2011.
  23. ^ "Gangland: Divide and Conquer DVD, View All, HISTORY Shop". Shop.history.com. 2009-03-30. Archived from the original on 2011-01-14. Retrieved 2010-04-15 .
  24. ^ "Latin Kings gang members charged in murder, racketeering, drug offenses". The Philadelphia Inquirer. 2010-07-22. Retrieved 2010-11-27 .
  25. ^ "Gang Contour: The Latin Kings | Role of Justice Programs".
  26. ^ "Almighty Latin King and Queen Nation of New York and Environs | Office of Justice Programs".
  27. ^ "National Gang Threat Cess 2009". 2009-01-01. Archived from the original on 2011-12-xiv. Retrieved 2011-02-01 .
  28. ^ "Testimony offers rare look within Latin Kings gang – Chicago Tribune". Articles.chicagotribune.com. 2008-07-28. Retrieved 2013-10-30 .
  29. ^ Karen 50. Kinnear (2009). Gangs: a reference handbook. ABC-CLIO. ISBN9781598841251.
  30. ^ "NCGIA Gang Profiles: Latin Kings". ncgangcops.org. Retrieved 2015-12-02 .
  31. ^ a b c d east f g Brotherton, David C. (February 2004). The Omnipotent Latin Rex and Queen Nation: Street Politics and the Transformation of a New York Urban center Gang. Columbia Academy Press. sixteen–xix, 158, 159. ISBN0-231-11418-iv.
  32. ^ "Latin King Gets 60-Twelvemonth Sentence for '93 Murder".
  33. ^ Richardson, Lynda (November 20, 1996). "Leader of Latin Kings Is Convicted in Slayings". The New York Times.
  34. ^ a b Hal Erickson (2007). "Latin Kings: A Street Gang Story - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes". Movies & Television Dept. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2007-ten-25. Retrieved 2010-04-fifteen .
  35. ^ "Documentaries: Domicile". HBO. 2008-11-26. Retrieved 2010-04-15 .
  36. ^ "Leader of Latin Kings Is Convicted in Slayings". The New York Times. November twenty, 1996.
  37. ^ "FBI: Arrests wipe out Latin Kings leadership". Chicago Breaking News. 2008-09-24. Retrieved 2010-04-15 .
  38. ^ "Salcedo v. Com., 712 SE 2d 8 - Va: Court of Appeals 2011 - Google Sch…". 24 January 2013. Archived from the original on 24 Jan 2013.
  39. ^ Brotherton, David C.; Barrios, Luis (5 February 2004). The Almighty Latin King and Queen Nation: Street Politics and the Transformation of a New York City Gang. Columbia University Press. ISBN9780231509060 – via Google Books.
  40. ^ New York Magazine. New York Media, LLC. 1979-04-09. p. 32. Retrieved 2013-10-30 – via Cyberspace Archive. Kingism--adding idealism and a bootcamp rigor to the usual gang camaraderie.
  41. ^ "The Inca: Gang leader's trial revealed Latin Kings' civilization". Archived from the original on 2016-02-29. Retrieved 2016-06-01 .
  42. ^ Brotherton, David; Barrios, Luis (2004). The Omnipotent Latin King and Queen ... ISBN9780231114189 . Retrieved 2010-04-15 . [ full commendation needed ]
  43. ^ "Eighteen Members of Omnipotent Latin King/Queen Nation Named in Federal and State Charges, Reports U.S. Attorney". .prnewswire.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-fifteen. Retrieved 2010-04-xv .
  44. ^ a b Brotherton, David; Barrios, Luis (2004-02-xviii). The Almighty Latin Male monarch and Queen ... ISBN9780231114196 . Retrieved 2010-04-15 .
  45. ^ Brotherton, D (2013). The almighty Latin rex and queen nation: Street politics and the transformation of a New York City gang. Columbia University Press
  46. ^ a b c Ferrell (November 2004). Cultural Criminology Unleashed. Routledge Cavendish. pp. 67–69. ISBNi-904385-37-0.
  47. ^ Drago, Tito (September 21, 2006). "Latin Kings Gang a "Cultural Association" in Barcelona". Inter Press Service (IPS). Archived from the original on February 8, 2009.
  48. ^ Connecticut Drug Threat Assessment National Drug Intelligence Center, justice.gov (July 2002)
  49. ^ 16 Charged As Members Of Drug Ring George Judson, The New York Times (June xxx, 1994)
  50. ^ Exterior ALLEGIANCES EXERT LETHAL Forcefulness, EVEN BEHIND BARS Marcia Slacum Greene, The Washington Post (September nine, 1996)
  51. ^ Hartford Man Sentenced to 69 Months in Prison for Gang-Related Drug Trafficking justice.gov (Nov nineteen, 2019)
  52. ^ Hartford Man Sentenced to 57 Months in Federal Prison house for Role in Latin Kings Drug Trafficking Ring justice.gov (February 5, 2020)
  53. ^ Delaware Drug Threat Cess National Drug Intelligence Eye, justice.gov (March 2002)
  54. ^ xix-Year-Old Man Charged in 2nd Wilmington Murder WBOC-Tv (June 6, 2009)
  55. ^ Tampa Raid Takes Down 39 Alleged Leaders Of Violent Latin Kings Gang WAVE3 NEWS (August 21, 2006)
  56. ^ 29 Charged in Takedown of Southward Florida Latin Kings Gang NBC Miami (May 12, 2015)
  57. ^ All 23 Plead Guilty in Florida 'Latin Kings' Gang Roundup NBC Miami (February 1, 2016)
  58. ^ LATIN King LEADER AND xiii OTHERS INDICTED Gary Marx and Mark S. Warnick, Chicago Tribune (September 19, 1997)
  59. ^ JAILED GANG LEADER IS PUT AWAY FOR LIFE Matt O'Connor, Chicago Tribune (May 23, 2000)
  60. ^ "CORONA" AUGUSTIN ZAMBRANO Amongst xviii Declared LATIN KINGS GANG LEADERS IN LITTLE Village REGION INDICTED ON FEDERAL CHARGES justice.gov (October 1, 2009)
  61. ^ Latin Kings' Nationwide Leader Augustin Zambrano Sentenced to 60 Years in Prison for RICO Conspiracy and Related Gang Crimes justice.gov (January 11, 2012)
  62. ^ Latin Kings' 2d-In-Command Sentenced To 40 Years In Prison For RICO Conspiracy And Related Gang Crimes justice.gov (February 11, 2013)
  63. ^ 30 Four Declared Gang Members Charged with Participating in Racketeering Conspiracy Involving Guns, Assaults and Attempted Murders in Chicago and Suburbs justice.gov (July 26, 2016)
  64. ^ The Last Of 21 Latin Rex Members And Associates Sentenced To 27 Years In Prison For Racketeering Conspiracy Involving Two Murders In Indiana justice.gov (November 27, 2018)
  65. ^ Latin King Gang Fellow member Sentenced To Life in Prison house justice.gov (November 25, 2019)
  66. ^ A Brief, Fell Reign: The Fall of Maryland'south Latin King Majuscule News Service (April xx, 2011)
  67. ^ "Gang Success Stories".
  68. ^ "Feds: Over sixty alleged Latin Kings gang members arrested along Eastward Coast".
  69. ^ "Over lx Members of Latin Kings Charged". 5 December 2019.
  70. ^ Concluding Ii The netherlands Latin Male monarch Gang Members Sentenced to Over twenty Years for Racketeering and Drug Dealing justice.gov (November 17, 2014)
  71. ^ Operation 'Wild Kingdom' Nets 26 Arrests In Minnesota dea.gov (March 7, 2006)
  72. ^ LAST OF LATIN KING CROWN Quango ARRESTED njsp.org (May 13, 2003)
  73. ^ Indictment Charges xv With Racketeering, Including iv Declared Leaders of Latin Kings Gang in Newark, for Allegedly Running Heroin & Cocaine Band nj.gov (August 1, 2017)
  74. ^ 4 Men Plead Guilty in Connectedness With Illegal Drug Band in Newark Linked to Latin Kings Gang Gloucester City News (April five, 2018)
  75. ^ Leader and Three Other Men Sentenced to Prison for Operating a Newark Heroin and Cocaine Band Linked to Latin Kings Gang nj.gov (June 29, 2018)
  76. ^ 20 Members of Hispanic Gang Indicted in Multiple Killings Mary B. Westward. Tabor, The New York Times (June 22, 1994)
  77. ^ Brooklyn Leader of Latin Kings Street Gang Sentenced to Life Imprisonment for Murder justice.gov (November 14, 2007)
  78. ^ Thirteen Alleged Latin Kings Members in North Carolina Indicted on Federal Racketeering Charges justice.gov (Dec six, 2011)
  79. ^ Three Members and One Associate of Vehement North Carolina Latin Kings Gang Sentenced to Prison house justice.gov (August 15, 2013)
  80. ^ SWAT raids drug gang in Cleveland with ties to Chicago-based Latin Kings Deborah Miller, Cleveland.com (Baronial 14, 2009)
  81. ^ York-based Latin King leader gets xv years in federal prison house Liz Evans Scolofro, The York Dispatch (May ix, 2016)
  82. ^ Latin Kings gang members among 23 charged in drug ring bust: law Sean Sauro, The Patriot-News (March 26, 2019)
  83. ^ Latin Kings FBI file fbi.gov
  84. ^ Leader of Rhode Isle Latin Kings Chapter Pleads Guilty to Narcotics Conspiracy Charges justice.gov (August eleven, 2020)
  85. ^ Sometime Latin Kings Member Sentenced for Drive-By Shooting in Vermont New England Cablevision News (January 13, 2016)
  86. ^ Alleged Gang Member Sentenced in Drug for Guns Plot U.South. News & Earth Report (February 14, 2020)
  87. ^ United States v. Acosta Justia (August iii, 2000)
  88. ^ Drug Gang Charges Filed Chicago Tribune (June 23, 1998)
  89. ^ Wisconsin Drug Threat Assessment National Drug Intelligence Center, justice.gov (May 2001)
  90. ^ Milwaukee gang raid nets 49 on charges in murders, drugs Colin Fly, police1.com (October 13, 2005)
  91. ^ Onetime Latin Kings member gets life in prison house for 2003 homicide John Diedrich, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (Jan 26, 2010)
  92. ^ Four Stabbed In Gang Fight Outside Subway Station CityNews (22 June 2007)
  93. ^ If you're in a gang and desire out Betsy Powell, Toronto Star (3 July 2007)
  94. ^ Ix gang members arrested on immigration charges CP24 (8 October 2009)
  95. ^ Gang's 'Christopher Colombus' deported National Post (2 July 2020)
  96. ^ Spanish gangs: the majestic, racketeering 'Latin Kings' Thibault Blin, cafébabel (28 Jan 2009)
  97. ^ a b SPAIN: Latin Kings Gang a "Cultural Association" in Barcelona Tito Drago, Inter Press Service (21 September 2006)
  98. ^ Gang wars milkshake Spain's Latin quarter Jason Burke, The Guardian (fifteen October 2006)
  99. ^ Spain jails Latin Kings gang dominate Vara Velastegui BBC (23 February 2011)
  100. ^ Latin Kings dealt heavy accident in Madrid thinkSPAIN (17 Feb 2010)
  101. ^ Madrid begins deporting Latino street gang members F. Javier Barrosso El País (26 February 2015)
  102. ^ Spain to behave upwardly to 130 Latin American gang leaders from Madrid Imogen Calderwood, The Olive Press (28 February 2015)
  103. ^ Police force bust 23 Barcelona Latin Kings hoodlums Emma Anderson, The Local (x June 2015)

External links

  • National Gang Offense Center: Latin King Gang Contour
  • FBI file on the Latin Kings
  • HBO Documentary – Latin Kings: A Street Gang Story

deanscatill.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Kings_%28gang%29

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